Here’s a “universal” GP essay framework that most A-Level examiners look for. You can adapt it to any question or theme, but the components and logical flow should remain consistent:

1. Introduction

• Contextualisation
  • Situate the topic in a broader real-world or global context.
• Definition
  • If key terms are open to interpretation, offer concise definitions or clarify scope.
• Thesis statement
  • State your overall stance or the direction of your argument in one clear sentence.
• Roadmap (optional)
  • Briefly outline the main points you will discuss (e.g. “I will first examine…, then consider…, before concluding…”).

2. Body Paragraphs (4)

Each paragraph should follow the PEELE model:

1. Point
   • Topic sentence stating the paragraph’s main idea, linking back to your thesis.
2. Explain
   • Develop the idea further—why is this point relevant?
3. Evidence / Example
   • Provide a real-world example, statistic, case study, or quotation. Be specific (dates, figures, names).
4. Link
   • Tie it back to your thesis and/or transition to the next paragraph.
5. Evaluation / Elaboration
   • Analyse the significance: strengths, limitations, or consequences of this point.

Tip: Aim for balanced paragraphs—don’t spend too long on description at the expense of analysis.

3. Counter-Argument / Alternative Perspective (1 of the PEELE)

• Acknowledgement
  • Recognise a credible opposing view or limitation of your main argument.
• Refutation / Qualification
  • Explain why this view is less convincing, or how your thesis can accommodate it.
• Link
  • Show how this strengthens your overall position.